Which of the following is an example of descriptive statistics?

• A. Regression analysis
• B. Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode)
• C. T-test
• D. Confidence interval

Answer: (B)

Descriptive statistics are used to summarize and describe the features of a dataset. Measures of central tendency—mean, median, and mode—capture a typical value around which observations cluster, giving a quick sense of where the data sit on average. They describe the data at hand without making inferences about a larger population.

The other approaches are inferential or analytic, not descriptive: regression analyzes relationships between variables and helps explain or predict outcomes; a t-test compares means between groups to test for a difference; a confidence interval estimates a range for a population parameter and conveys uncertainty. These go beyond merely describing the data to drawing conclusions about beyond-sample values.